As Pope Francis, the oldest pope in over a century, faces serious health challenges, speculation grows about who might succeed him as the leader of the Catholic Church. The 88-year-old pontiff was recently diagnosed with double pneumonia, which has led to his hospitalization, according to the Vatican. This situation has intensified discussions regarding the future of the papacy, particularly in light of the pope’s declining health.
While technically any Roman Catholic man can be elected as pope, the process typically involves one of the 253 cardinals from around the world. Following the death or resignation of a pope, a conclave is convened in the Sistine Chapel, where eligible cardinals cast votes to select the next leader of the Church. Currently, only 138 of these cardinals can participate in the voting, as those over the age of 80 are not allowed to take part. This number was increased from 120 by Pope Francis in December of the previous year.
As the Vatican prepares for the possibility of a conclave, several prominent cardinals are emerging as frontrunners for the papacy. Cardinal Pietro Parolin, 70, the Vatican’s Secretary of State, is seen as a leading candidate. With a diplomatic background and a decade of service under Pope Francis, Parolin is viewed as a moderate who would likely continue the current pope’s legacy.
Another notable contender is Cardinal Fridolin Ambongo Besungu, 65, from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He has drawn attention for his conservative stance, particularly after rejecting a controversial papal declaration that allowed priests to bless unmarried and same-sex couples. His election would signify a shift away from the more progressive views of Pope Francis.
Cardinal Wim Eijk, 71, from the Netherlands, is also in the running. Known for his conservative views, Eijk has been critical of Pope Francis’s approach to issues such as civil remarriages and intercommunion with Protestants. His election could indicate a return to traditional Catholic teachings.
Cardinal Peter Erdo, 72, from Hungary, and Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle, 67, from the Philippines, are other potential candidates. Erdo is recognized for his conservative positions on marriage and immigration, while Tagle, often referred to as the "Asian Pope Francis," is seen as a more progressive figure within the Church.
In the United States, Cardinal Raymond Burke, 76, stands out as a leading conservative voice, advocating for traditional Catholic values and openly challenging Pope Francis on various issues. Meanwhile, Cardinal Mario Grech, 67, from Malta, and Cardinal Matteo Zuppi, 69, from Italy, are viewed as potential moderate successors, with Zuppi being favored by Pope Francis himself.
The ongoing health concerns of Pope Francis have accelerated discussions about the future leadership of the Catholic Church. As the world watches, the potential for a significant shift in direction looms, depending on who ultimately emerges as the next pope.